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2013 – Developing and setting up a calibration facility for UV sensors at high irradiance rates

von

B. Barton¹, P. Sperfeld¹, A. Towara¹, G. Hopfenmueller²,
¹Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin (PTB), 4.1 Photometry and Applied Radiometry, Braunschweig, Germany, ²sglux GmbH, Berlin, Germany

EMEA Regional Conference, Karlsruhe, Germany (2013)

Abstract
PTB provides spectral irradiance calibrations traceable to national primary standards and the SI system. A transfer standard source for high UV irradiances has been constructed and characterized. A medium pressure Hg lamp and a low pressure Hg lamp provide different spectra at different irradiance levels. The system might serve as a calibration facility for DVGW & ÖNORM conform UV sensors. Calibration by direct substitution to reference sensors can be carried out.

2014 – Spectral Irradiance Measurement and Actinic Radiometer Calibration for UV Water Disinfection

von

P. Sperfeld¹, B. Barton¹, S. Pape¹, A. Towara¹, J. Eggers², G. Hopfenmueller³,
¹Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin (PTB), Germany, ²DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser, Karlsruhe, Germany, ³sglux GmbH, Berlin, Germany

Proceedings of NEWRAD 2014, edited by S. Park, P. Kaerhae and E. Ikonen. (Aalto University, Espoo, Finland 2014) p. 128.

Abstract
In a joint project, sglux and PTB investigated and developed methods and equipment to measure the spectral and weighted irradiance of high-efficiency UV-C emitters used in water disinfection plants. A calibration facility was set up to calibrate the microbicidal irradiance responsivity of actinic radiometers with respect to the weighted spectral irradiance of specially selected Hg low-pressure and medium-pressure UV radiators. To verify the calibration and to perform on-site tests, spectral measurements have been carried out directly at water disinfection plants in operation. The weighted microbicidal irradiance of the plants was calculated and compared to the measurements of various actinic radiometers.

2013 – Traceable spectral irradiance measurements at UV water disinfection plants

von

P. Sperfeld¹, B. Barton¹, S. Pape¹, G. Hopfenmueller²,
¹Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin (PTB), 4.1 Photometry and Applied Radiometry, Braunschweig, Germany, ²sglux GmbH, Berlin, Germany

EMEA Regional Conference, Karlsruhe, Germany (2013)

Abstract
PTB provides spectral irradiance calibrations traceable to national primary standards and the SI system. Transportable spectroradiometer systems have been adapted for high UV irradiance measurements. Successful measurements at medium pressure Hg and low pressure Hg lamp facilities have been carried out. The effective microbicidal irradiances agree within 15%. 40° sensor geometry could be developed. Discussion about calibration service and support.

2013 – PTB traceable calibrated reference UV radiometer for measurements at high irradiance medium pressure mercury discharge lamps

von

G. Hopfenmueller¹, T.Weiss¹, B. Barton², P. Sperfeld², S. Nowy², S. Pape², D. Friedrich², S. Winter², A. Towara², A. Hoepe², S. Teichert²,
¹sglux GmbH, Berlin, Germany, ²Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin (PTB), 4.1 Photometry and Applied Radiometry, Braunschweig, Germany

EMEA Regional Conference, Karlsruhe, Germany (2013)

2021 – How two sglux photodiodes contribute to the NASA 2021 Perseverance mission

von

Luther W. Beegle et al.
Space Sci Rev (2021) 217:58

Perseverance’s Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman and Luminescence for Organics and Chemicals (SHERLOC) Investigation

Zusammenfassung
The Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman and Luminescence for Organics and Chemicals (SHERLOC) is a robotic arm-mounted instrument on NASA’s Perseverance rover. SHERLOC has two primary boresights. The Spectroscopy boresight generates spatially resolved chemical maps using fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy coupled to microscopic images (10.1 μm/pixel). The second boresight is a Wide Angle Topographic Sensor for Operations and eNgineering (WATSON); a copy of the Mars Science Labora- tory (MSL) Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) that obtains color images from microscopic scales (∼13 μm/pixel) to infinity. SHERLOC Spectroscopy focuses a 40 μs pulsed deep UV neon-copper laser (248.6 nm), to a ∼100 μm spot on a target at a working distance of ∼48 mm. Fluorescence emissions from organics, and Raman scattered photons from organics and minerals, are spectrally resolved with a single diffractive grating spectrograph with a spectral range of 250 to ∼370 nm. Because the fluorescence and Raman regions are natu- rally separated with deep UV excitation (<250 nm), the Raman region ∼ 800 – 4000 cm−1 (250 to 273 nm) and the fluorescence region (274 to ∼370 nm) are acquired simultaneously without time gating or additional mechanisms. SHERLOC science begins by using an Aut- ofocus Context Imager (ACI) to obtain target focus and acquire 10.1 μm/pixel greyscale images. Chemical maps of organic and mineral signatures are acquired by the orchestration of an internal scanning mirror that moves the focused laser spot across discrete points on the target surface where spectra are captured on the spectrometer detector. ACI images and chemical maps (< 100 μm/mapping pixel) will enable the first Mars in situ view of the spa- tial distribution and interaction between organics, minerals, and chemicals important to the assessment of potential biogenicity (containing CHNOPS). Single robotic arm placement chemical maps can cover areas up to 7×7 mm in area and, with the < 10 min acquisition time per map, larger mosaics are possible with arm movements. This microscopic view of the organic geochemistry of a target at the Perseverance field site, when combined with the other instruments, such as Mastcam-Z, PIXL, and SuperCam, will enable unprecedented analysis of geological materials for both scientific research and determination of which sam- ples to collect and cache for Mars sample return.

2020 – Inter-Comparison Campaign of Solar UVR Instruments under Clear Sky Conditions at Reunion Island (21°S, 55°E)

von

Jean-Maurice Cadet¹, Thierry Portafaix¹, Hassan Bencherif¹², Kévin Lamy¹, Colette Brogniez³, Frédérique Auriol³, Jean-Marc Metzger⁴, Louis-Etienne Boudreault⁵, Caradee Yael Wright⁶⁷
¹LACy, Laboratoire de l’Atmosphère et des Cyclones (UMR 8105 CNRS, Université de La Réunion, Météo-France), 97744 Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France.
²School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.
³Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique, Université Lille, CNRS, UMR 8518, F-59000 Lille, France.
⁴Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers de la Réunion, UMS 3365, 97744 Saint-Denis de la Réunion, France.
⁵Reuniwatt, 97490 Sainte Clotilde de la réunion, France.
⁶Department of Geography, Geo-informatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
⁷Environment and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 21;17(8):2867. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17082867

Zusammenfassung
Measurement of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is important for the assessment of potential beneficial and adverse impacts on the biosphere, plants, animals, and humans. Excess solar UVR exposure in humans is associated with skin carcinogenesis and immunosuppression. Several factors influence solar UVR at the Earth’s surface, such as latitude and cloud cover. Given the potential risks from solar UVR there is a need to measure solar UVR at different locations using effective instrumentation. Various instruments are available to measure solar UVR, but some are expensive and others are not portable, both restrictive variables for exposure assessments. Here, we compared solar UVR sensors commercialized at low or moderate cost to assess their performance and quality of measurements against a high-grade Bentham spectrometer. The inter-comparison campaign took place between March 2018 and February 2019 at Saint-Denis, La Réunion. Instruments evaluated included a Kipp&Zonen UVS-E-T radiometer, a Solar Light UV-Biometer, a SGLux UV-Cosine radiometer, and a Davis radiometer. Cloud fraction was considered using a SkyCamVision all-sky camera and the Tropospheric Ultraviolet Visible radiative transfer model was used to model clear-sky conditions. Overall, there was good reliability between the instruments over time, except for the Davis radiometer, which showed dependence on solar zenith angle. The Solar Light UV-Biometer and the Kipp&Zonen radiometer gave satisfactory results, while the low-cost SGLux radiometer performed better in clear sky conditions. Future studies should investigate temporal drift and stability over time.

2017 – Degradation of opaque quartz-glass diffusers under high intensity UV irradiation

von

N. Papathanasiou, G. Hopfenmüller, Michael Matalla, T. Weiss,
sglux GmbH, Berlin, Germany

Presentation on IUVA World Congress Spotlights Water Disinfection Technologies 2017, Dubrovnik, Croatia

Abstract
In UV water purification applications UV sensors are monitoring the dosage of UV irradiation as according to ÖNORM and DVGW standards. sglux GmbH is manufacturing such sensors employing opaque synthetic quartz-glass diffusers as entrance windows. This paper investigates the influence of high-intensity UV irradiation on the transmission behavior of these diffusers. Quartz-glass and micro-porous quartz-glass were investigated. The sensors were continuously monitored while irradiated by a 1kW medium pressure Hg lamp with a total UV irradiance of 1000mW/cm² for 800 hours. Before and after the aging period the total transmissions of the diffusers were measured.

2011 – Characterisation of new optical diffusers used in high irradiance UV radiometers

von

Barton¹, B., Sperfeld¹, P., Nowy¹, S., Towara¹, A., Hoepe¹, A., Teichert¹, S., Hopfenmueller², G., Baer³, M. and Kreuzberger³, T.
¹Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin (PTB), 4.1 Photometry and Applied Radiometry, Braunschweig, Germany, ²sglux GmbH, Berlin, Germany, ³SGIL Silicaglas GmbH, Langewiesen, Germany

Proceedings of NEWRAD2011, edited by S. Park and E. Ikonen. (Aalto University, Espoo, Finland, 2011) p. 278.

Abstract
Diffusers are essential components of UV radiometers used as transfer standards. They improve the insensitivity to differing radiation situations. In combination with a beam limiting aperture, a diffuser defines the irradiated area [1]. A detailed study of different properties of UV diffusers is shown.